UFGD 2021
MUSIC AND HEALTH
Music is a fundamental attribute of the human species. Virtually all cultures, from the most primitive to the most advanced, make music. It's been true through history, and it's true throughout an individual's lifespan. In tune or not, we humans sing and hum; in time or not, we clap and sway; in step or not, we dance and bounce.
The human brain and nervous system are hard-wired to distinguish music from noise and to respond to rhythm and repetition, tones and tunes. Is this a biologic accident, or does it serve a purpose? It's not possible to say. Still, a varied group of studies suggests that music may enhance human health and performance.
Music and the mind
The most highly publicized mental influence of music is the "Mozart effect." Struck by the observation that many musicians have unusual mathematical ability, researchers at the University of California, Irvine, investigated how listening to music affects cognitive function in general, and spatialtemporal reasoning in particular. In their first study, they administered standard IQ test questions to three groups of college students, comparing those who had spent 10 minutes listening to a Mozart piano sonata with a group that had been listening to a relaxation tape and one that had been waiting in silence. Mozart was the winner, consistently boosting test scores. Next, the investigators checked to see if the effect was specific to classical music or if any form of music would enhance mental performance. They compared Mozart's music with repetitive music by Philip Glass; again, Mozart seemed to help, improving spatial reasoning as measured by complex paper cutting and folding tasks and short-term memory as measured by a 16-item test.
Harvard Health Publishing/Harvard Medical School. Music and health. Published: July 2011. Available in: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying- healthy/music-and-health Access: july, 18, 2020 (Adapted)
The article discusses the relation between music and health. For that, it shows an example on the effects of music to our minds.
What is the best statement about the example given in the text?
The researchers concluded that listening to any type of music clearly helps people improve their cognitive functions, both in general and spatial-temporal reasoning in particular.
We can understand that listening to classical music is essential for improving people's capacity for solving mathematical problems.
We can understand that listening to classical music, especially Mozart's, could make more effects on improving people's cognitive functions and performance on complex tasks.
We can understand that listening to classical music or even relaxing music could equally have the same results for improving people's cognitive functions.
The researchers concluded that pianists and mathematicians could equally have improvements in their performances after listening to Mozart's music.
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