Universidade de São Paulo 2023

TEXTO PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 29 A 31.

With nearly 30 percent of its people 65 and over, Japan has the oldest population on Earth (except tiny Monaco). Its median age of 48.7 far exceeds the world's, at 30.2.

The numbers, though stark, don't convey how profoundly this demographic shift is playing out day to day. The increasingly disproportionate mix of more and more seniors and fewer and fewer young people is already altering every aspect of life in Japan, from its physical appearance to its social policies, from business strategy to the labor market, from public spaces to private homes.

If Japan is any guide, aging will change the fabric of society in ways both obvious and subtle. It will run up a huge tab that governments will struggle to pay. Meeting the challenge won't be easy, but the future isn't necessarily all downhill. Japan's experience, with its characteristic attention to detail and design, suggests extreme aging may inspire an era of innovation.

In 2020, Japan's health ministry launched eight “living labs” dedicated to developing nursing-care robots. Yetin a way, the entire country is one big living lab grappling with the repercussions of a rapidly aging society. In business, academia, and communities around Japan, countless experiments are under way, all aiming to keep the old healthy for as long as possible while easing the burden of caring for society's frailest.

Disponível em

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/article/japan-aging-adapting-shrinking-population-feature (adaptado).

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